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What is inflammation?
Inflammation is the body's reaction to tissue destruction, and this may be caused by injuries (i.e. falls, motor vehicle collisions, work injuries), infections or illnesses (i.e. Arthritis and inflammatory bowel diseases such as Crohn's Disease). The telltale signs of inflammation are classically known as dolore (pain), calor (heat), rubor (redness), tumor (swelling) and functio laesa (loss of function). Any organ or tissue of the body can become inflamed. The mechanism of inflammation is similar in all of these organs or tissues, regardless of where in the body the inflammation occurs. The body develops inflammation through certain "chemicals" in the blood that travel to the site of injury or illness. When these chemicals get "out of control", the inflammation may require treatment.
Inflammation can be acute or chronic. Acute inflammation is defined by a
sudden onset of the signs and symptoms described above, and usually follows some
type of injury. Chronic inflammation occurs when the signs of inflammation
persist, although they are less intense than during the acute stage.
Injuries
The two most common injuries encountered are accidents (i.e. falls, motor
vehicle collisions) and sports injuries. You don't have to be an athlete to
have a sports injury. In fact, the occasional jogger is just as susceptible to
injuries as the marathon runner. In either case, sports injuries represent
damage to tissues of the muscle and skeletal systems including the bones,
muscles, tendons, bursa and joints. When accidents such as falls or motor
vehicle collisions occur, the same tissues can be damaged. When these tissues
become inflamed, there is usually a significant amount of pain and loss of
function. This can disrupt the lifestyle of the person affected, and even
affect his or her ability to work.
There is another type of injury that leads to inflammation, and this is
caused in the workplace. Many people don't consider themselves "injured"
because there is no specific "fall" or "accident". Rather, in this type of
injury, tissue damage occurs over a longer period of time. This type of injury
is usually caused by performing the same activity over and over again, leading
to tissue damage or fatigue. It is often referred to as Repetitive Stress
Injury (RSI). In RSI the inflammation can be significant.
Inflammatory Illness
There are many illnesses that cause inflammation in various tissues or organs of
the body. Arthritis is probably the most common illness to cause inflammation.
In fact, inflammation is the cause of most of the pain and decreased function in
people who have arthritis. The goal of treating arthritis is often to minimize
or prevent inflammation, therefore preventing further tissue damage. Treating
InflammationMost people who experience inflammation do so in the form of
sprains and/or strains. These injuries can occur from falls and other
accidents, sporting events or at the workplace. The best approach to these
injuries is prevention, which can often be achieved through proper stretching
and warm up prior to physical exercise or activity, and the use of ergonomically
sound work equipment. Good posture and proper spinal mobility are also
important.
A very common principle in the treatment of inflammation caused by injuries
is the RICE principle (Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation). Getting rest and
avoiding the activity that caused the injury is important in the initial stage
of an injury, usually until the inflammation subsides. This is most important
in the first 24 - 72 hours following the injury. Icing the inflamed area helps
reduce the blood flow to the region, thereby reducing the amount of chemicals in
the blood that are responsible for exacerbating the inflammation. Compressing
the injured area by applying pressure helps counteract the outward pressure
caused by the inflammation, thereby relieving pain. Elevation of the affected
area helps encourage blood return to the heart and lungs, thereby decreasing the
amount of blood, inflammatory chemicals and swelling in the injured area.
Nutritional supplementation is important in the maintenance of healthy
tissue. Vitamin C is very important in the formation of collagen tissue and
therefore helps prevent injuries and repair tissue damage caused by
inflammation. A deficiency in Vitamin C has been correlated with defective
formation of tendons. Vitamin C is also important for wound healing through its
antioxidant activity. Other antioxidants that can be beneficial in wound and
tissue healing are Vitamins A & E, Selenium, Citrus Bioflavonoids and Grape Seed
Extract. A good quality, high potency Multi-Vitamin and Mineral supplement also
helps maintain health of all tissues, making it an important part of preventing
and treating tissue damage.
There are many approaches to nutritional supplementation in the treatment and
prevention of inflammation. The best approach for you should be discussed with
your health care provider. By far, the most well researched supplements in the
treatment of inflammation caused by illness are the 'Essential Fatty Acids'.
Essential fatty acids supply the body with energy. They are important
components of nerve cells, cell membranes, and hormone like substances called
Prostaglandins in the body. Linoleic Acid and Linolenic Acid are essential
fatty acids that can be provided by plant foods but are destroyed in most
processing of foods today, leading to deficiencies. A lack of essential fatty
acids has been implicated in many chronic degenerative diseases. Its
supplementation is considered useful in the prevention or treatment of over 60
health conditions including heart diseases, cancer, autoimmune diseases
(multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis), skin diseases, inflammation,
premenstrual syndrome, menopause, allergies and stroke. Eighty percent of our
population consumes insufficient quantities of essential fatty acids. The best
source of essential fatty acid is organic unrefined flax seed oil, which
contains high amounts of Omega-3 Fatty Acids (alpha linolenic) and Omega-6 Fatty
Acids (linoleic). Flax oil contains double the amount of Omega-3 found in fish
oils.
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Whiplash is a term used to describe an injury to the soft tissues - the
muscles, ligaments and nerves - of your neck. Many people suffer from whiplash
after being in a car accident, especially if they are hit from behind. In many
cases, people with whiplash can experience pain in the neck, shoulders, arms and
even low back! Other symptoms include headaches, dizziness, difficulty
swallowing, and difficulty sleeping. Many people do not correlate their
symptoms to a car accident because symptoms often begin days or even weeks
following the accident.
Your Chiropractor specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of whiplash
injuries. He or she can assess your condition to identify any injuries to the
joints in your spine as well as your muscles, ligaments and tendons.
Inflammation causes most of the initial pain related to whiplash injuries. In
the early stages of whiplash, the pain can be intense and lead to anxiety about
the chances for recovery. Fortunately, there are many treatment options
available to individuals with whiplash. Treatment may include exercise to
increase strength and flexibility and decrease healing time. Other treatment
options include spinal adjustments, ice therapy and nutritional supplementation.
Therapeutic supports such as specially designed cervical spine pillows may also
be beneficial. Your chiropractor will help you decide which treatment is best
for you.
Treating Inflammation
The diagrams below demonstrate how Omega 6 and Omega 3 Essential Fatty Acids
are transformed in the body to Prostaglandins and other chemicals vital to many
of the body's organs and systems. Omega 6 and Omega 3 fatty acids are both
found in flax seed oil. The effect of these fatty acids is enhanced by Vitamins
B3, B6 and C, E, Biotin, Zinc, and Magnesium.

Glucosamine Sulfate and Chondroitin Sulfate are well established for their
anti-inflammatory influence on arthritic joints.
Another supplement that has gained much popularity recently is MSM (Methyl
Sulfonyl Methane). MSM contains 34% bio-available organic sulfur. Sulfur is an
essential mineral found in every cell and membrane of our bodies. Sulfur
concentration in arthritic cartilage has been shown to be about one-third the
level compared to normal cartilage. MSM may offer significant control of
arthritic pain as a safe, non-toxic method. The most widely accepted benefits
of MSM include:
- Assists in relieving the pain due to strained muscles and overextended joints.
- Possesses anti-inflammatory properties that effectively treat arthritis, back and other forms of muscle and joint pain.
- Essential for healthy skin, hair and nails.
- Speeds healing of musculoskeletal injuries and inflammation.
- Assists in detoxification including heavy metals.
- Essential for a healthy immune system and energy production.
Other supplements that may be used to treat inflammation include:
- Yucca and Devil's Claw (both have a saponin-type chemical which acts similarly to cortisone).
- Goldenseal (useful in inflammation of the ear, nose or throat).
- Shark Cartilage (useful in inflammatory and skin disorders)
- Evening Primrose Oil (has a similar mechanism to flax seed oil).
- Alfalfa (The detoxifying properties of alfalfa assist in the prevention and the alleviation of inflammation).
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